Theory of Machine
Flexible coupling is used because

It is easy to disassemble
It transmits shocks gradually
It prevents shock transmission and eliminates stress reversals
It is easy to engage and disengage

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
All of these
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam

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