Microorganisms and Disease
Each of the 3 virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis i.e. the capsule, edema toxin and lethal toxin can affect the activity of

ciliated epithelial cells
M cells
B cells
macrophages

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Microorganisms and Disease
The influenza vaccine is administered each year because

the vaccine is sufficiently toxic to make it necessary to administer only a small amount at any one time
mutations in the viral hemagglutinin may allow the virus to evade the immune response elicited by previous vaccines
it is a polysaccharide vaccine that does not confer long-term protection
None of these

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Microorganisms and Disease
Which of the following is true regarding anthrax?

Anthrax is highly contagious
Anthrax is caused by a virus
Inhalation anthrax and cutaneous anthrax are caused by separate strains of Bacillus anthracis
Inhalation Anthrax requires infection with a large number of spores

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