Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Critical solution temperature (or the con-solute temperature) for partially miscible liquids (e.g., phenol-water) is the minimum temperature at which

Two liquids are completely separated into two layers
A homogeneous solution (say of phenol water) is formed
None of these
Mutual solubility of the two liquids shows a decreasing trend

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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
The necessary and sufficient condition for equilibrium between two phases is

The pressure should be same in the two phases
The chemical potential of each component should be same in the two phases
The concentration of each component should be same in the two phases
The temperature of each phase should be same

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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
A large iceberg melts at the base, but not at the top, because of the reason that

All of these
Ice at the base contains impurities which lowers its melting point
Due to the high pressure at the base, its melting point reduces
The iceberg remains in a warmer condition at the base

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