Cell Signalling and Transduction
cAMP and cGMP are derived from

ATP and GTP by the actions of guanylate cyclase and adenylate cyclase respectively
ATP and GTP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
GTP and ATP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
None of these

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it

mimics the action of signal receptors
is broken down into hormones that affect the heart
breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart
interferes with chemical cascades that trigger contraction of heart muscle

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Why is it that inhaling nitric oxide reduces blood pressure only in the lung tissue and not elsewhere in the body*?

Because nitric oxide breaks down quickly and thus cannot travel far
None of these
Because other body tissues use a different signaling molecule
Because nitric oxide cannot cross cell membranes and enter the blood

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
A signal cascade induced by adrenaline or thyroxine

involves the activation of a G protein
All of these
must begin with receipt of the signal molecule by a surface receptor
results in the activation of a sequence of enzymes needed for the cell effect

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