Electrical Machines
Breather is provided in a transformer to

 provide cold air in transformer.
  absorb moisture of air during breathing.
 filter the transformer oil.
 absorb moisture from air entering in transformer.

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Electrical Machines
Flashing the field of DC generator means

  making the magnetic losses forces parallel.
  neutralising residual magnetism.
 increasing flux density by adding extra turns of winding.
  creating residual magnetism by a DC source.

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