Heat Transfer
Arithmetic mean area can be used in heat transfer problem to calculate the heat flow by conduction through a cylinder which is

Thin walled having the value of Ao Ai/< 2
Thick walled
Having the value of Ao/Ai > 2
Both B and C

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Heat Transfer
The advantage of backward feed multiple effect evaporators over forward feed units is that

Equal heat transfer co-efficients exist in various effects
Heat sensitive material can be handled
There is no additional cost of pumping
Most concentrated liquid is at highest temperature

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