Theory of Machine
A spring controlled governor is said to be unstable when the controlling force

Decreases as the radius of rotation increases
Increases as the radius of rotation increases
Remains constant for all radii of rotation
Increases as the radius of rotation decreases

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Theory of Machine
The secondary unbalanced force due to inertia of reciprocating parts in a reciprocating engine is given by (where m = Mass of reciprocating parts, ω = Angular speed of crank, r = Radius of crank, θ = Angle of inclination of crank with the line of stroke, and n = Ratio of the length of connecting rod to radius of crank)

m.ω².r (cos 2θ/n)
m.ω².r cosθ
m.ω².r sinθ
m.ω².r (sin 2θ/n)

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