Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A tri-axial shear test is preferred to direct shear test, because

None of these
Stress distribution on the failure plane, is non uniform
It can be performed under all three drainage conditions with complete control
Precise measurement of pore pressure and change in volume during test, is not possible

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Within the consolidation process of a saturated clay

a gradual decrease in neutral pressure and a gradual increase in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
both neutral pressure and effective pressure increase
a gradual increase in neutral pressure and a gradual decrease in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
both neutral pressure and effective pressure decrease

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Effective stress on soil

Decreases both voids ratio and permeability
Increases both voids ratio and permeability
Increases voids ratio and decreases permeability
Decreases voids ratio and increases permeability

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