RCC Structures Design
A singly reinforced beam has breadth b, effective depth d, depth of neutral axis n and critical neutral axis n?. If fc and ft are permissible compressive and tensile stresses, the moment to resistance of the beam, is

All listed here
bn (fc/2) (d - n/3)
½ n₁ (1 - n₁/3) cbd²
Atft (d - n/3)

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RCC Structures Design
The spacing of transverse reinforcement of column is decided by the following consideration.

All listed here
Forty-eight times the diameter of transverse reinforcement
The least lateral dimension of the column
Sixteen times the diameter of the smallest longitudinal reinforcing rods in the column

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RCC Structures Design
If p₁ and p₂ are mutually perpendicular principal stresses acting on a soil mass, the normal stress on any plane inclined at angle θ° to the principal plane carrying the principal stress p₁, is:

[(p₁ + p₂)/2] + [(p₁ - p₂)/2] sin 2θ
[(p₁ - p₂)/2] + [(p₁ + p₂)/2] sin 2θ
[(p₁ + p₂)/2] + [(p₁ - p₂)/2] cos 2θ
[(p₁ - p₂)/2] + [(p₁ + p₂)/2] cos 2θ

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