A reasonably general expression for vapour-liquid phase equilibrium at low to moderate pressure is Φi yi P = Yi xi fi° where, Φ is a vapor fugacity component, Yi is the liquid activity co-efficient and fi° is the fugacity of the pure component i. the Ki value (Yi = Ki xi) is therefore, in general a function of

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
A reasonably general expression for vapour-liquid phase equilibrium at low to moderate pressure is Φi yi P = Yi xi fi° where, Φ is a vapor fugacity component, Yi is the liquid activity co-efficient and fi° is the fugacity of the pure component i. the Ki value (Yi = Ki xi) is therefore, in general a function of

Temperature and pressure only

Temperature, pressure, liquid composition xi and vapour composition yi

Temperature, pressure and liquid composition xi only

Temperature only

Temperature and pressure only

Temperature, pressure, liquid composition xi and vapour composition yi

Temperature, pressure and liquid composition xi only

Temperature only

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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
The efficiency of a Carnot heat engine operating between absolute temperatures T₁ and T₂ (when, T₁ > T₂) is given by (T₁ - T₂)/T₁. The co-efficient of performance (C.O.P.) of a Carnot heat pump operating between T₁ and T₂ is given by

T₂/(T₁-T₂)

T₁/(T₁-T₂)

T₂/R1

T₁/T₂

T₂/(T₁-T₂)

T₁/(T₁-T₂)

T₂/R1

T₁/T₂

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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Pressure-enthalpy chart is useful in refrigeration. The change in internal energy of an ideal fluid used in ideal refrigeration cycle is

Zero

Positive

Infinity

Negative

Zero

Positive

Infinity

Negative

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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
An irreversible process

Yields an amount of work less than that of a reversible process

Is the analog of linear frictionless motion in machines

Yields the maximum amount of work

Is an idealised visualisation of behaviour of a system

Yields an amount of work less than that of a reversible process

Is the analog of linear frictionless motion in machines

Yields the maximum amount of work

Is an idealised visualisation of behaviour of a system

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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
The total change in the enthalpy of a system is independent of the

Number of intermediate chemical reactions involved

State of combination and aggregation in the beginning and at the end of the reaction

None of these

Pressure and temperature

Number of intermediate chemical reactions involved

State of combination and aggregation in the beginning and at the end of the reaction

None of these

Pressure and temperature

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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Co-efficient of Performance (COP) of a refrigerator is the ratio of the

Refrigeration obtained to the work required

Lower to higher temperature

Higher to lower temperature

Work required to refrigeration obtained

Refrigeration obtained to the work required

Lower to higher temperature

Higher to lower temperature

Work required to refrigeration obtained

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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics The efficiency of a Carnot heat engine operating between absolute temperatures T₁ and T₂ (when, T₁ > T₂) is given by (T₁ - T₂)/T₁. The co-efficient of performance (C.O.P.) of a Carnot heat pump operating between T₁ and T₂ is given by

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Pressure-enthalpy chart is useful in refrigeration. The change in internal energy of an ideal fluid used in ideal refrigeration cycle is

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics An irreversible process

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics The total change in the enthalpy of a system is independent of the

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Co-efficient of Performance (COP) of a refrigerator is the ratio of the

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
The efficiency of a Carnot heat engine operating between absolute temperatures T₁ and T₂ (when, T₁ > T₂) is given by (T₁ - T₂)/T₁. The co-efficient of performance (C.O.P.) of a Carnot heat pump operating between T₁ and T₂ is given by

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Pressure-enthalpy chart is useful in refrigeration. The change in internal energy of an ideal fluid used in ideal refrigeration cycle is

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
An irreversible process

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
The total change in the enthalpy of a system is independent of the

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Co-efficient of Performance (COP) of a refrigerator is the ratio of the