Mass Transfer
A coalescer in a mixer-settler liquid-liquid extraction coloumn

Helps in increasing the settling rate of the bubbles
Helps in increasing the bubble size entering the settler
Comprises of thin bed of substances of extended surface having high porosity
All of these

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Mass Transfer
Priming in a distillation column

Is characterised by the presence of foam throughout the space between trays
Results from very low gas velocity
Reduces the overall pressure drop
Is desirable from point efficiency consideration

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Mass Transfer
In case of steam distillation, the steam leaving the liquid is not completely saturated with distillate vapour, because

Total pressure is less
Saturated steam is used for steam distillation
Temperature is less
Mixing of steam with the material being vaporised is not so intimate as to result in equilibrium condition

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