Mass Transfer
An example of elutioh is

Dissolution of tannin out of tree barks by water
Separation of sugar from sugar beet by hot water
Recovery of vegetable oils from seeds
Separation of uranium oxide from its ore by H₂SO₄ in a Pachuca tank

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Mass Transfer
In a counter-current liquid extractor

Liquid's flow rate depends upon the temperature and pressure
Both liquids flow at fixed rate
Only one of the liquids may be pumped at any desired rate
Both liquids can have any desired flow rate

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Mass Transfer
For water-ethanol system, the minimum reflux ratio

Cannot be computed
Is computed from the intercept of the operating line
Is the optimum reflux ratio
Is computed from the slope of the upper operating line that is tangent to the equilibrium curve

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