Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Within the consolidation process of a saturated clay

a gradual increase in neutral pressure and a gradual decrease in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
both neutral pressure and effective pressure increase
both neutral pressure and effective pressure decrease
a gradual decrease in neutral pressure and a gradual increase in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
The major principal stress in an element of cohesion-less soil within the backfill of a retaining wall is

None of these
Vertical if the soil is in a passive state of plastic equilibrium
Vertical if the soil is in an active state of plastic equilibrium
Inclined at 45° to the vertical plane

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Coefficient of compressibility is

constant for any type of soil
independent of type of soil but depends on the stress history of soil
different for different types of soils but same for a soil under different states of consolidation
different for different types of soils and also different for a soil under different states of consolidation

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