Heifer – a cow that has not borne a calf, or has borne only one calf. In North America, a typical farm has about 100 milk cows and as many young female stock called heifers. The heifers are raised as replacement cows.
Paper and pulp manufacturing are forest-based industries. The basic raw material for the pulp and paper industry isthe wood. Softwood of the temperate forests is especially suitable for making pulp and paper.
According to Alfred Wegener, all the major continents formed one giant supercontinent, called Pangaea. About 200 million years ago, the supercontinent Pangaea began to rift.