Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The torque required to overcome viscous resistance of a collar bearing is (where R1 and R2 = External and internal radius of collar)

(μπ²N/60t) × (R₁ - R₂)
(μπ²N/60t) × (R₁⁴ - R₂⁴)
(μπ²N/60t) × (R₁² - R₂²)
μπ²N/60t) × (R₁³ - R₂³)

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The discharge through a wholly drowned orifice is given by (where H1 = Height of water (on the upstream side) above the top of the orifice, H2 = Height of water (on the downstream side) above the bottom of the orifice, and H = Difference between two water levels on either side of the orifice)

Q = Cd × bH₁ × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × bH2 × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × bH × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × b (H2 - H1) × √(2gh)

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The kinematic viscosity is the

Product of absolute viscosity and density of the liquid
Product of absolute viscosity and mass of the liquid
Ratio of density of the liquid to the absolute viscosity
Ratio of absolute viscosity to the density of the liquid

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