Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The theoretical indicator diagram of a simple steam engine is based upon the assumption that

The expansion (or compression) of the steam is hyperbolic
Steam is admitted at boiler pressure and exhausted at condenser pressure
There is no pressure drop due to condensation
All of these

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In a reaction turbine

The steam is allowed to expand in the nozzle, where it gives a high velocity before it enters the moving blades
The pressure and temperature of steam remains constant
The steam is expanded from a high pressure to a condenser pressure in one or more nozzles
The expansion of steam takes place partly in the fixed blades and partly in the moving blades

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In cross compounding, the cylinders are arranged

Side by side and each cylinder has separate piston, connecting rod and crank
At 90° and each cylinder has separate piston, connecting rod and crank
Side by side and each cylinder has common piston, connecting rod and crank
At 90° and each cylinder has common piston, connecting rod and crank

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In accelerated circulation type boiler

Water is supplied in drum and through down comers located in atmospheric condition it passes to the water wall and rises to drum in the form of mixture of water and steam
Feed pump is employed to supplement natural circulation in water wall type furnace
Water is converted into steam in one pass without any recirculation
Heating takes place at bottom and the water supplied at bottom gets converted into the mixture of steam bubbles and hot water which rise to drum

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