Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The specific speed of a turbine is the speed of an imaginary turbine, identical with the given turbine, which

Delivers unit discharge under unit speed
Develops unit power under unit head
Develops unit power under unit speed
Delivers unit discharge under unit head

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Coefficient of contraction is the ratio of

Area of jet at vena-contracta to the area of orifice
Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice
Actual velocity of jet at vena contracta to the theoretical velocity
Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice

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