Electrical Machines
The sparking at the the brushes, in a DC machines is due to

 high resistance of carbon brushes.
  reactance voltage.
 armature reaction.
 presence of commutator.

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Electrical Machines
In a stepper motor the detente torque means

  minimum of the static torque with the phase winding excited.
  maximum of the static torque with the phase winding excited.
  maximum of the static torque with the phase winding unexcited.
  minimum of the static torque with the phase winding unexcited.

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Electrical Machines
For a given torque, reducing diverter resistance of a DC series motor causes

 increase in speed demanding more armature current.
 increase in speed but armature currnet remains the same.
 decrease in speed demanding less armature current.
 decrease in speed but armature current remains the same.

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