Design of Steel Structure
The ratio of plastic section modulus to elastic section modulus

is always greater than 1
is always less than 1
can be less than 1
is equal to 1

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Design of Steel Structure
In a gusseted base, when the end of the column is machined for complete bearing on the base plate, then the axial load is assumed to be transferred to base plate

50% by direct bearing and 50% through fastenings
Fully by direct bearing
75% by direct bearing and 25% through fastenings
Fully through fastenings

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