Theory of Machine
The primary unbalanced force due to inertia of reciprocating parts in a reciprocating engine is given by (where m = Mass of reciprocating parts, ω = Angular speed of crank, r = Radius of crank, θ = Angle of inclination of crank with the line of stroke, and n = Ratio of the length of connecting rod to radius of crank)

m.ω².r (cos 2θ/n)
m.ω².r cosθ
m.ω².r sinθ
m.ω².r (sin 2θ/n)

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Theory of Machine
Which of the following statements regarding laws governing the friction between dry surfaces are correct?

The friction force is dependent on the materials of the contact surfaces.
All of these
The friction force is independent of me area of contact.
The friction force is directly proportional to the normal force.

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