Electrical Machines
The primary and secondary windings of a transformer are

  inductively linked.
 electrically linked.
  conductively linked.
 mechanically linked.

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Electrical Machines
Flashing the field of DC generator means

  neutralising residual magnetism.
  making the magnetic losses forces parallel.
 increasing flux density by adding extra turns of winding.
  creating residual magnetism by a DC source.

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