Design of Steel Structure
The portal bracing in a truss bridge is used to

Transfer load from top of end posts to bearings
Prevent the sides-way buckling of top chord
Stiffen the structure laterally
Keep the rectangular shape of the bridge cross-section

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Design of Steel Structure
The elastic strain for steel is about

1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/120 of maximum strain
1/24 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/200 of maximum strain
1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and 1/200 of maximum strain
1/2 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/12 of maximum strain

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