Microbial Metabolism
The mechanism of passive or facilitated diffusion require

accumulation or concentration of solute against an electrochemical gradient
concentration of solute against an electrochemical gradient
metabolic energy
accumulation of solute against an electrochemical gradient

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Microbial Metabolism
Dolichol phosphate is

a chaperone used in protein folding
a product of phospholipase C activation
a complex lipid involved in docking vesicles with the plasma membrane
the anchor on which sugars assemble before transfer to proteins

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Microbial Metabolism
ATPase

extrudes protons from the cell coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP
carries out each of the reactions indicated in (a) and (b)
is the enzyme that incorporates ATP into messenger RNA
synthesizes ATP, coupled to transfer of extracellular protons into the cell

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