Engineering Mechanics
The law of the machine is (where P = Effort applied to lift the load, m = A constant which is equal to the slope of the line, W = Load lifted, and C = Another constant which represents the machine friction.)

P = C - mW
P = m/W + C
P = mW - C
P = mW + C

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Engineering Mechanics
The static friction

Is independent of the area of contact, between the two surfaces
All of these
Bears a constant ratio to the normal reaction between the two surfaces
Always acts in a direction, opposite to that in which the body tends to move

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