Surveying
The latitude of a place was obtained by subtracting the zenith distance of a star from its declination, the observed star was between

Pole and horizon
Zenith and pole
Horizon and equator
Equator and zenith

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Surveying
A telescope is said to be inverted if its

vertical circle is to its right and the bubble of the telescope is up
vertical circle is to its left and the bubble of the telescope is down
vertical circle is to its left and the bubble of the telescope is up
vertical circle is to its right and the bubble of the telescope is down

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