Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The function of guide vanes in a reaction turbine is to

Allow the water to enter the runner without shock
Allow the required quantity of water to enter the turbine
All of the listed here
Allow the water to flow over them, without forming eddies

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Coefficient of resistance is the ratio of

Area of jet at vena-contracta to the area of orifice
Actual discharge through an orifice to the theoretical discharge
Actual velocity of jet at vena-contracta to the theoretical velocity
Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice

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