Electromagnetic Field Theory
Gradient of scalar field is expressed as

 Circulation of a vector field per unit area as the area tends to zero.
 Outward flux of a vector field per unit volume as the volume about the point tends to zero.
 Maximum rate of increase of scalar function at a point.
 Gradient of divergence of a vector field minus the curl of the vector field.

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Electromagnetic Field Theory
A copper disc is rotated rapidly below a freely suspended magnetic needle. The magnetic needle starts rotating with velocity

 equal to that of disc and in the opposite direction.
 less than that of disc but in opposite direction.
 less than that of disc and in the same direction.
 equal to that of disc and in the same direction.

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Electromagnetic Field Theory
The effective reactance of an inductive coil

 increases because of stray capacitance as the frequency increases.
 remains same irrespective of the frequency.
 decreases because of stray capacitance as the frequency increases.
 none of these.

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