Radio Receivers
The frequency generated by each decade in a direct frequency synthesizer is much higher than the frequency shown; this is done to

Reduce the number of crystals required
Reduce the number of decades
Increase the frequency stability of the synthesizer
Reduce the spurious frequency problem

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Radio Receivers
In a ratio detector

the linearity is worse than in phase discriminator
the output is twice that obtainable from a similar phase discriminator
the circuit is the same as in a discriminator, except that the diodes are reversed
stabilization against signal strength variations is provided

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Radio Receivers
In a broadcast superheterodyne receiver, the

RF amplifier normally works at 455 kHz above the carrier frequency
Local oscillator frequency is normally double the IF
Mixer input must be tuned to the signal frequency
Local oscillator operates below the signal frequency

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