Transformers
The efficiency of a transformer, under heavy loads, is comparatively low because

voltage drop both in primary and secondary becomes large
secondary output is much less as compared to primary input
iron loss is increased considerably
copper loss becomes high in proportion to the output

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Transformers
In case of 3-phase induction motors, plugging means

starting the motor on load which is more than the rated load
interchanging two supply phases for quick stopping
locking of rotor due to harmonics
pulling the motor directly on line without a starter

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