Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The cavitation in reaction turbines is avoided, to a great extent by

Installing the turbine below the tail race level
All of these
Providing highly polished blades to the runner
Using stainless steel runner of the turbine

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Cavitation will begin when

flow is increased
pressure becomes more than critical pressure
pressure is increased
the pressure at any location reaches an absolute pressure equal to the saturated vapour pressure of the liquid

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