Electrical Machines
The brush-axis of a bipolar dc motor is rotated by 90°. The effect of this rotation on the back emf Eband the torque developed Tdwould be such that

 Eb is unchanged, but Td is zero
 both Eb and Td are unchanged
 Eb is zero, but Td is unchanged
 both Eb and Td are zero

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Electrical Machines
Compensating windings are used in DC generators

  to provide path for the circulation of cooling air.
  mainly to reduce the eddy currents by providing local short circuit.
None of these
  to neutralize the cross magnetizing effect of the armature reaction.

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