Engineering Materials
Tensile strength of steel can be safely increased by

Adding carbon up to 2.8%
Adding carbon up to 0.83%
Adding small quantities of copper
Adding carbon up to 6.3%

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Engineering Materials
Smelting is the process of

Removing the impurities like clay, sand etc. from the iron ore by washing with water
Expelling moisture, carbon dioxide, sulphur and arsenic from the iron ore by heating in shallow kilns
All of these
Reducing the ore with carbon in the presence of a flux

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Engineering Materials
White cast iron

Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or creium) in the ladle. Graphite is in nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough and easily machined metal

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