Power Systems
Surge impedance loading can be increased by

 increasing of inductance value
 increasing of capacitance value
 both 1 and 2
 increasing of voltage level

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Power Systems
The value of off diagonal elements is

 which is connected between bus i and bus j with negative sign
 sum of admittances connected at bus j
 which is connected between bus i and bus j with positive sign
 sum of admittances connected at bus i

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