Irrigation Engineering
Retrogression of the bed level of a river downstream a weir, occurs due to

Less percentage of silt
Heavy impact of water
Increase of the bed level
Soft soil strata

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Irrigation Engineering
Effective precipitation for a crop may be defined as

Total precipitation minus the loss due to infiltration
Total precipitation minus the loss due to evaporation
Available water stored in soil within root zone of the crop
Total precipitation during the crop period

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