Mass Transfer
Priming in a distillation column

Results from very low gas velocity
Reduces the overall pressure drop
Is characterised by the presence of foam throughout the space between trays
Is desirable from point efficiency consideration

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Mass Transfer
Steam distillation is used to

Reduce the number of plates
Avoid thermal decomposition of a component
Increase the total pressure of distillation
Increase the efficiency of separation

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Mass Transfer
Plate efficiency

Increases due to weeping and dumping of liquid
Is a function of the mass transfer between liquid and vapour
Increases due to foaming
Increases due to liquid entrainment

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