Operating System (OS)
The instruction register

is a hardware memory device which denotes the location of the current instruction being executed.
None of these
is a group of electrical circuits (hardware), that performs the intent of instructions fetched from memory.
contains the address of the memory location that is to be read from or stored into.
contains a copy of the designated memory location specified by the MAR after a "read" or the new contents of the memory prior to a "write".

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Operating System (OS)
Multiprogramming systems:

are used only on large mainframe computers
None of these
execute more jobs in the same time period
are easier to develop than single programming system
execute each job faster

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Operating System (OS)
Backups should be done

None of these
daily for most installations
weekly for most installations
as several incrementals, followed by an image copy
as several image copies, followed by an incremental

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