Mass Transfer
Molecular diffusion is caused by the

Potential energy of the molecules
Transfer of molecules from low concentration to high concentration region
Thermal energy of the molecules
Activation energy of the molecules

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Mass Transfer
To get high tray efficiency

Gas velocity should be very low
Time of contact between the two phases should be less
Liquid entrainment should be severe
Interfacial surface between liquid and gas phase should be large

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Mass Transfer
The relation among various mass transfer co-efficients (M.T.C) for ideal gases is given by (where, Kc & Km are M.T.C. for equimolar counter diffusion with concentration & mole fraction respectively as the driving force. and, Kp = M.T.C. for diffusion of a gas through a stagnant inert gas with pressure as driving force.)

Kc = Kp/RT = Km . RT/P
None of these
Kc = Kp . RT = Km . RT/p
Kc = Kp = Km

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