Transformers
Leakage flux in a transformer occurs because

Applied voltage is sinusoidal
Transformer is not an efficient device
Air is not a good magnetic insulator
Iron core has high permeability

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Transformers
In a power or distribution transformer about 10 per cent end turns are heavily insulated

to reflect the line surge and save the winding of a transformer from damage
to withstand the high voltage drop due to line surge produced by the shunting capacitance of the end turns
None of these
to absorb the line surge voltage and save the winding of transformer from damage

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