Measurement and Instrumentation
Kelvin’s double bridge is used to measure low resistance because

 effect of contact and lead resistance is eliminated.
 there is no thermo electric emf.
 resistance variation due to temperature.
 it has high sensitivity.

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Measurement and Instrumentation
In DC potentiometer measurments, a second reading is often taken after reversing the polarities of the DC supply and the unknown voltage and the average of the two reading is taken. This is with a view of eliminate the effects of

 Errorneous standardisation.
 Ripples of the DC supply.
 Stray magnetic fields.
  Stray thermal emfs.

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