Process Equipment and Plant Design
Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Hydrostatic head is required for refluxing the condensate
Only the function of condensation is to be carried out
Both the functions of condensation & sub cooling are carried out in a single unit
Sub cooling of condensate is desired

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A forced circulation long tube vertical evaporator as compared to the natural circulation evaporator

Is economical in operation
Employs a centrifugal pump placed between external downtake from vapor drum and inlet to tube bundle
Employs high velocity, high heat transfer rate and less heating surface requirement
Both B & C

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Mc Cable Thiele method used for finding theoretical stages in a distillation column assumes that the

Liquid/vapor loading across the column remains constant
All of these
Sensible heat differences are small, because the temperature changes from tray to tray is small
Trouton's rule is applicable

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