Electrical Cables
In the cables, the location of fault is usually found out by comparing

The capacitances of insulated conductors
The inductance of conductors
All of the listed here
The resistance of the conductor

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Electrical Cables
Solid type cables are considered unreliable beyond 66 kV because

Insulation may melt due to higher temperature
Of corona loss between conductor and sheath material
Skin effect dominates on the conductor
There is a danger of breakdown of insulation due to the presence of voids

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Electrical Cables
Capacitance grading of cable implies

Grading according to capacitance of cables per km length
Use of dielectrics of different permeabilities
Cables using single dielectric in different concentrations
Capacitance required to be introduced at different lengths to counter the effect of inductance

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