Mass Transfer
In steam distillation, the

Temperature is 100°C
Temperature is higher than the boiling point of either component
Product must be immiscible with water
Temperature is more than 100° C

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Mass Transfer
Molecular diffusion is caused by the

Activation energy of the molecules
Potential energy of the molecules
Transfer of molecules from low concentration to high concentration region
Thermal energy of the molecules

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Mass Transfer
McCabe-Thiele method

Can use any type of units
Uses weight fractions to express liquid and vapour composition
Is more accurate than Ponchan-Savarit method
Uses molal units for material and energy balance

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