Machine Design
In order to obtain bolt of uniform strength

Increase its length
Tighten die bolt properly
Increase shank diameter
Drill an axial hole through head up to threaded portion so that shank area is equal to root area of thread

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Machine Design
According to I.B.R., when the thickness of the boiler shell (t) is less than 8 mm, then the diameter of the rivet hole (d) is obtained by

Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the crushing resistance of the rivets
Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the shearing resistance of the rivets
Equating shearing resistance to the crushing resistance of the rivets
None of these

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