Machine Design
In order to avoid tearing of the plate at edge, the distance from the center line of the rivet hole to the nearest edge of the plate in terms of dia. of rivet d should be equal to

1 d
1.75 d
1.5 d
1.25 d

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Machine Design
Spring index is

Indication of quality of spring
Ratio of coil diameter to wire diameter
Its capability of storing energy
Load required to produce unit deflection

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