Soil Mechanics and Foundation
In hydrometer analysis for a soil mass

meniscus correction is additive and dispersing agent correction is subtractive
meniscus correction is subtractive and dispersing agent correction is additive
both meniscus correction and dispersing agent correction are additive
both meniscus correction and dispersing agent correction are subtractive

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
The major principal stress in an element of cohesion-less soil within the backfill of a retaining wall is

Vertical if the soil is in an active state of plastic equilibrium
None of these
Vertical if the soil is in a passive state of plastic equilibrium
Inclined at 45° to the vertical plane

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A tri-axial shear test is preferred to direct shear test, because

Precise measurement of pore pressure and change in volume during test, is not possible
It can be performed under all three drainage conditions with complete control
None of these
Stress distribution on the failure plane, is non uniform

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