System Analysis and Design
Data manipulation language (DML)

all of the listed here
specifies for the DBMS what is required; the techniques used to process data
determine how data must be structured to produce the user's view
describes how data are structured in the data base

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System Analysis and Design
The approach used in top-down analysis and and design is

All of these
to identify the top level functions by combining many smaller components into a single entity.
to prepare flowcharts after programming has been completed
to identify a top level function and then create a hierarchy of lower level modules and components
None of these

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