Heat and Mass Transfer
In convection heat transfer from hot flue gases to water tube, even though flow may be turbulent, a laminar flow region (boundary layer of film) exists close to the tube. The heat transfer through this film takes place by

Conduction
Radiation
Both convection and conduction
Convection

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Heat and Mass Transfer
According to Prevost theory of heat exchange

It is impossible to transfer heat from low temperature source to t high temperature source
Heat transfer in most of the cases takes place by combination of conduction, convection and radiation
All bodies above absolute zero emit radiation
Heat transfer by radiation requires no medium

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Heat and Mass Transfer
Fourier's law of heat conduction is (where Q = Amount of heat flow through the body in unit time, A = Surface area of heat flow, taken at right angles to the direction of heat flow, dT = Temperature difference on the two faces of the body, dx = Thickness of the body, through which the heat flows, taken along the direction of heat flow, and k = Thermal conductivity of the body)

k. A. (dT/dx)
k. (dx/dT)
k. A. (dx/dT)
k. (dT/dx)

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