RCC Structures Design
In case the factor of safety against sliding is less than 1.5, a portion of slab is constructed downwards at the end of the heel slab, which is known as

A key
All listed here
A cut-off wall
A rib

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RCC Structures Design
Steel beam theory is used for

Doubly reinforced beams ignoring compressive stress in concrete
Beams if shear exceeds 4 times allowable shear stress
Steel beams encased in concrete
Design of simple steel beams

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RCC Structures Design
The self-weight of the footing, is

Not considered for calculating the upward pressure on footing
Both (b) and (c)
Also considered for calculating the upward pressure on footing
Not considered for calculating the area of the footing

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