Machine Design
In case of pressure vessels having closed ends, the fluid pressure induces

Longitudinal stress
Circumferential stress
Shear stress
None of these

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Machine Design
Elastic nut is a locking device in which

Hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is stewed on the bolt causing a tight grip
A slot is cut partly in middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening a screw
Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin splitted and bent in reverse direction at other end
One small nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming

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Machine Design
In the calculation of induced shear stress in helical springs, the Wahl's stress factor is used to take care of

Combined effect of bending stress and curvature of the wire
Combined effect of torsional shear stress and transverse shear stress in the wire
Combined effect of transverse shear stress and bending stress in the wire
Combined effect of transverse shear stress and curvature of wire

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