Machine Design
In case of pressure vessels having closed ends, the fluid pressure induces

Shear stress
None of these
Longitudinal stress
Circumferential stress

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Machine Design
The cracks in helical springs used in railway carriages usually start on the inner side of the coil because of the fact that

It is subjected to a higher stress than the outer side
It is more stretched than the outer side during the manufacturing process
It has a lower curvature than the outer side
It is subjected to a higher cyclic loading than the outer side

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Machine Design
Spring index is

Indication of quality of spring
Its capability of storing energy
Ratio of coil diameter to wire diameter
Load required to produce unit deflection

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