RCC Structures Design
In a doubly-reinforced beam if ‘c’ and ‘t’ are stresses in concrete and tension reinforcement, ‘d’ is the effective depth and ‘n’ is depth of critical neutral axis, the following relationship holds good

mc/t = (d - n)/t
(t + c)/n = (d + n)/n
(m + c)/t = n/(d + n)
mc/t = n/(d - n)

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RCC Structures Design
Based on punching shear consideration, the overall depth of a combined footing under a column A, is

None of these
(Perimeter of column A × Safe punching stress)/(Load on column A × Upward pressure × Area of the column)
(Perimeter of column A × Safe punching stress)/(Load on column A + Upward pressure × Area of the column)
(Area of the column A × Safe punching stress)/Load on column A

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